+0.20 What Is a Tort? (harvardlawreview.org S:+0.03 )
34 points by bookofjoe 5 days ago | 30 comments on HN | Mild positive Moderate agreement (3 models) Editorial · v3.7 · 2026-03-15 23:58:48 0
Summary Rule of Law & Legal Remedies Acknowledges
This Harvard Law Review article examining tort law doctrine directly engages with rule-of-law frameworks and legal remedies that underpin multiple UDHR articles. The scholarly analysis acknowledges the importance of legal accountability mechanisms, equal protection, and access to justice through tort law systems. While the academic content demonstrates commitment to rights-protective legal frameworks, the paywall access model creates structural tension with Article 19 (free information) and Article 26 (education access).
Rights Tensions 2 pairs
Art 19 ↔ Art 26 — Content advocates for freedom of expression and information access through legal scholarship, but paywall access model restricts educational and informational access to those unable to pay subscription fees.
Art 12 ↔ Art 19 — Tort law analysis supports privacy protection through reputation doctrine, but structural Google Tag Manager tracking without visible consent governance creates asymmetry between privacy protection principles discussed and privacy practices implemented.
Article Heatmap
Preamble: +0.20 — Preamble P Article 1: +0.30 — Freedom, Equality, Brotherhood 1 Article 2: +0.20 — Non-Discrimination 2 Article 3: +0.10 — Life, Liberty, Security 3 Article 4: ND — No Slavery Article 4: No Data — No Slavery 4 Article 5: ND — No Torture Article 5: No Data — No Torture 5 Article 6: ND — Legal Personhood Article 6: No Data — Legal Personhood 6 Article 7: +0.20 — Equality Before Law 7 Article 8: +0.10 — Right to Remedy 8 Article 9: ND — No Arbitrary Detention Article 9: No Data — No Arbitrary Detention 9 Article 10: +0.10 — Fair Hearing 10 Article 11: ND — Presumption of Innocence Article 11: No Data — Presumption of Innocence 11 Article 12: +0.01 — Privacy 12 Article 13: +0.14 — Freedom of Movement 13 Article 14: ND — Asylum Article 14: No Data — Asylum 14 Article 15: ND — Nationality Article 15: No Data — Nationality 15 Article 16: ND — Marriage & Family Article 16: No Data — Marriage & Family 16 Article 17: +0.08 — Property 17 Article 18: +0.22 — Freedom of Thought 18 Article 19: +0.38 — Freedom of Expression 19 Article 20: +0.16 — Assembly & Association 20 Article 21: ND — Political Participation Article 21: No Data — Political Participation 21 Article 22: +0.10 — Social Security 22 Article 23: +0.10 — Work & Equal Pay 23 Article 24: +0.20 — Rest & Leisure 24 Article 25: +0.10 — Standard of Living 25 Article 26: +0.04 — Education 26 Article 27: +0.16 — Cultural Participation 27 Article 28: +0.32 — Social & International Order 28 Article 29: +0.10 — Duties to Community 29 Article 30: +0.10 — No Destruction of Rights 30
Negative Neutral Positive No Data
Aggregates
E
+0.20
S
+0.03
Weighted Mean +0.16 Unweighted Mean +0.15
Max +0.38 Article 19 Min +0.01 Article 12
Signal 22 No Data 9
Volatility 0.09 (Low)
Negative 0 Channels E: 0.6 S: 0.4
SETL ℹ +0.27 Editorial-dominant
FW Ratio ℹ 51% 50 facts · 49 inferences
Agreement Moderate 3 models · spread ±0.151
Evidence 23% coverage ℹ
1H 5M 16L 9 ND
Theme Radar
Foundation Security Legal Privacy & Movement Personal Expression Economic & Social Cultural Order & Duties Foundation: 0.23 (3 articles) Security: 0.10 (1 articles) Legal: 0.13 (3 articles) Privacy & Movement: 0.08 (2 articles) Personal: 0.15 (2 articles) Expression: 0.27 (2 articles) Economic & Social: 0.13 (4 articles) Cultural: 0.10 (2 articles) Order & Duties: 0.17 (3 articles)
HN Discussion 6 top-level · 9 replies
jjgreen 2026-03-11 20:19 UTC link
An Irish lady of easy virtue.
piker 2026-03-11 20:41 UTC link
For those interested, the statement of facts in Palsgraf is regarded as some of the best legal writing of all time. It's really quite interesting in both its lack of detail but clarity.

> Plaintiff was standing on a platform of defendant's railroad after buying a ticket to go to Rockaway Beach. A train stopped at the station, bound for another place. Two men ran forward to catch it. One of the men reached the platform of the car without mishap, though the train was already moving. The other man, carrying a package, jumped aboard the car, but seemed unsteady as if about to fall. A guard on the car, who had held the door open, reached forward to help him in, and another guard on the platform pushed him from behind. In this act, the package was dislodged, and fell upon the rails. It was a package of small size, about fifteen inches long, and was covered by a newspaper. In fact it contained fireworks, but there was nothing in its appearance to give notice of its contents. The fireworks when they fell exploded. The shock of the explosion threw down some scales at the other end of the platform, many feet away. The scales struck the plaintiff, causing injuries for which she sues.

Tangurena2 2026-03-11 20:48 UTC link
A tort is a harm done to a person. Generally, this word is only used in civil legal proceedings.

Because it can be a fuzzy concept, books and (non-criminal & non-constitutional) courses on law (at least in the US) will spend a lot of time on torts.

RattlesnakeJake 2026-03-11 20:49 UTC link
> What Is a Tort?

My brain always starts with the assumption that it's some sort of British pastry, and takes a minute to adjust.

frugalmail 2026-03-11 23:21 UTC link
> distributing the costs of accidents to those who can best bear them

wtf? I thought it was the entity/entities responsible for the accident?

andyferris 2026-03-12 00:17 UTC link
The methodology here is interesting.

I'm looking at this exercise in exploring hypothetical situations as like throwing fuzz tests at the law, and using the results to correct the "code" (either legal code or how to interpret the common law, depending on how your juristiction functions). I can't say it's a bad approach for "engineering" a good system.

pavel_lishin 2026-03-11 20:27 UTC link
A baby tortoise.
tptacek 2026-03-11 21:11 UTC link
"The scales startled a sleeping cat inside the station. The cat lept in alarm, claws bared, and clung to a length of cord. Suspended by the cord was a small anvil, dangling above a board balanced atop a saw horse. Frayed from the cat's claws, the cord severed, and the anvil plunged towards one end of the board. On the other end of that board was a marble..."
matt_daemon 2026-03-11 21:24 UTC link
A torte is (according the Wikipedia):

> a rich, usually multilayered, cake that is filled with whipped cream, buttercreams, mousses, jams, or fruit

So you could be excused

jfengel 2026-03-11 21:28 UTC link
So that's what counts as good legal writing, huh?

I see a lot of extraneous detail (e.g. "bound for another place", "a package of small size, about fifteen inches long, and was covered by a newspaper"). The sentence "The fireworks when they fell exploded" is clunky.

It's also missing the critical detail of who she is suing. The point of the story is to explain how she got injured, but gives no idea who is actually involved. The guards? The other man who got on the train and vanished from the story? (Turns out it's the railroad company, who is not mentioned in the story at all.)

Wikipedia summarizes the relevant facts in one sentence:

Two men attempted to board the train before [the plaintiff's]; one (aided by railroad employees) dropped a package that exploded, causing a large coin-operated scale on the platform to hit her.

Incidentally, can you set off fireworks just by dropping them? That sounds unlikely to me.

rkagerer 2026-03-11 21:30 UTC link
For anyone wondering, she (plaintiff) won at a jury trial and an appeal, but the railroad appealed again and ultimately won as the judges determined tort requires a breach of a duty of care to the individual harmed and the consequence of the guard's actions was not foreseeable.
orthoxerox 2026-03-11 21:39 UTC link
Thank you. I had read a few pages of the linked article and was disappointed that it contained no legible definition of the term.
pseudohadamard 2026-03-12 02:40 UTC link
Not to be confused with a torte, which only harms your waistline.
PepperdineG 2026-03-12 03:40 UTC link
Given the mention of Rockaway this sounds like a story that Richard Feynman would tell about how his wife.
lawtalkinghuman 2026-03-12 08:35 UTC link
Yes, that's the general rule.

You then get lots of interesting exceptions and difficulties in applying that rule: who pays when you have multiple potential defendants (but some of them have died or gone out of business or are in a different jurisdiction), or there are fiddly causation issues, or the defendant is an organisation that's vicariously liable for their employee/contractor/authorised religious leader/any number of other relationships, or there's insurance involved, or there's some third party interest, or the purportedly tortious act was mandated by some law or other obligation, or the government decides to set up some kind of alternative process of compensation which may or may not indemnify the tortfeasor, and so on and so on.

When dealing with the not-so-straightforward cases, appellate courts do look at questions like "is this a fair and equitable distribution of the cost?" and legal scholars compare the pros and cons of tort liability to other mechanisms (compensation by the government, industry self-regulation, no-fault/strict liability, mandatory insurance etc).
Editorial Channel
What the content says
+0.50
Article 19 Freedom of Expression
High Advocacy Practice
Editorial
+0.50
SETL
+0.39

Article constitutes direct exercise of freedom of expression and information. Academic legal scholarship articulates theories of law and governance, exemplifying freedom to seek and receive ideas. Tort law analysis contributes to public understanding of legal remedies.

+0.40
Article 28 Social & International Order
Medium Framing Practice
Editorial
+0.40
SETL
+0.28

Tort law doctrine establishes framework for social order based on legal rules protecting persons and property. Academic analysis demonstrates commitment to rule of law and ordered legal framework.

+0.30
Article 1 Freedom, Equality, Brotherhood
Low Framing
Editorial
+0.30
SETL
ND

Tort law doctrine discussed here establishes frameworks for remedy and accountability that operationalize equal treatment before law. Analysis of tort principles supports notion that wrongs against persons merit legal recognition regardless of status.

+0.30
Article 13 Freedom of Movement
Medium Framing Practice
Editorial
+0.30
SETL
+0.35

Tort law scholarship supports freedom of movement and association through legal frameworks protecting against wrongful interference with person and property. Academic analysis affirms legal remedies for unjustified constraint.

+0.30
Article 18 Freedom of Thought
Low Framing Practice
Editorial
+0.30
SETL
+0.24

Tort law protects freedom of thought and conscience by establishing liability for intentional interference with mental and emotional interests. Academic treatment of tort doctrine implicitly supports protection of internal mental domains from harmful interference.

+0.30
Article 26 Education
Medium Framing Practice
Editorial
+0.30
SETL
+0.35

Academic legal scholarship supports right to education and information. Article on tort law contributes to legal education and public understanding of law.

+0.20
Preamble Preamble
Low Framing
Editorial
+0.20
SETL
ND

Article addresses foundational legal concepts underlying tort law, which establishes liability frameworks protecting human dignity and remedying wrongs. Academic discussion of tort theory implicitly supports dignity-affirming legal structures.

+0.20
Article 2 Non-Discrimination
Low Framing
Editorial
+0.20
SETL
ND

Tort law protections apply through legal doctrine without explicit regard to protected characteristics. Content does not discuss discrimination in tort doctrine but academic analysis of neutral legal principles supports non-discrimination framework.

+0.20
Article 7 Equality Before Law
Low Framing
Editorial
+0.20
SETL
ND

Tort law establishes legal mechanism for redress when persons are treated unequally. Doctrine of equal protection in tort liability implicitly supports Article 7 commitment to equal protection.

+0.20
Article 12 Privacy
Medium Framing Practice
Editorial
+0.20
SETL
+0.26

Tort law protects against arbitrary interference with reputation through defamation doctrine. Academic analysis of tort theory supports legal protection of reputation from unjustified harm.

+0.20
Article 17 Property
Medium Framing Practice
Editorial
+0.20
SETL
+0.24

Tort law protects property rights through legal doctrines of trespass and conversion. Academic analysis of tort doctrine affirms legal protection for property interests.

+0.20
Article 20 Assembly & Association
Low Framing Practice
Editorial
+0.20
SETL
+0.14

Tort law recognizes peaceful association by protecting against wrongful interference with associational interests. Academic analysis of tort doctrine implicitly supports right to associate without tortious interference.

+0.20
Article 24 Rest & Leisure
Low Framing
Editorial
+0.20
SETL
ND

Tort law protects bodily integrity and freedom from harm, foundational to rest and leisure protections. Academic treatment of tort doctrine affirms legal protection for physical integrity.

+0.20
Article 27 Cultural Participation
Low Framing Practice
Editorial
+0.20
SETL
+0.14

Academic legal scholarship participates in cultural production of law and contributes to shared cultural understanding of legal concepts. Article exemplifies cultural engagement with legal concepts.

+0.10
Article 3 Life, Liberty, Security
Low Framing
Editorial
+0.10
SETL
ND

Tort law recognizes individual right to legal personality through capacity to sue and be sued. Academic analysis of tort doctrine implicitly affirms recognition of legal personhood.

+0.10
Article 8 Right to Remedy
Low Framing
Editorial
+0.10
SETL
ND

Tort law provides remedial mechanism—access to courts—for persons to seek redress. Academic analysis of tort doctrine implicitly supports right to effective remedy through court access.

+0.10
Article 10 Fair Hearing
Low Framing
Editorial
+0.10
SETL
ND

Tort law operates through impartial judicial process to establish liability and award remedies. Academic analysis presupposes fair and public hearing before independent court.

+0.10
Article 22 Social Security
Low Framing
Editorial
+0.10
SETL
ND

Tort law doctrine includes protections for economic and social interests through remedies for financial injury. Academic analysis of tort theory acknowledges importance of economic security through liability frameworks.

+0.10
Article 23 Work & Equal Pay
Low Framing
Editorial
+0.10
SETL
ND

Tort law protects employment interests through doctrines such as wrongful discharge and interference with economic relations. Academic analysis acknowledges tort law's role in protecting labor interests.

+0.10
Article 25 Standard of Living
Low Framing
Editorial
+0.10
SETL
ND

Tort law and healthcare liability doctrines relate to health and medical care protections. Academic discussion of tort theory acknowledges role of liability in incentivizing medical care standards.

+0.10
Article 29 Duties to Community
Low Framing
Editorial
+0.10
SETL
ND

Academic legal scholarship should balance individual rights with community welfare. Tort law analysis examines tensions between individual rights and broader legal order. Content implicitly addresses duty to others through legal frameworks.

+0.10
Article 30 No Destruction of Rights
Low Framing
Editorial
+0.10
SETL
ND

Content does not interpret rights to permit destruction of UDHR rights. Academic analysis of tort law supports protection of legal rights and remedies without suggesting subordination of other UDHR rights.

ND
Article 4 No Slavery

ND - Article on tort law does not engage with slavery or involuntary servitude.

ND
Article 5 No Torture

ND - Content does not address torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment.

ND
Article 6 Legal Personhood

ND - Article on tort law does not engage with right to recognition as person before law in contexts relevant to Article 6.

ND
Article 9 No Arbitrary Detention

ND - Article on tort law does not engage with arbitrary arrest or detention.

ND
Article 11 Presumption of Innocence

ND - Article on tort law does not address criminal law presumption of innocence or ex post facto principles.

ND
Article 14 Asylum

ND - Article on tort law does not address asylum or refugee protection.

ND
Article 15 Nationality

ND - Article on tort law does not address nationality or state membership.

ND
Article 16 Marriage & Family

ND - Article on tort law does not directly address marriage or family formation.

ND
Article 21 Political Participation

ND - Article on tort law does not address political participation or voting rights.
Structural Channel
What the site does
Element Modifier Affects Note
Legal & Terms
Privacy —
No privacy policy or GDPR/CCPA disclosures visible in provided content. Google Tag Manager tracking present but no privacy-specific controls observable on page.
Terms of Service —
Terms of service not accessible from page content provided.
Identity & Mission
Mission +0.10
Article 19
Harvard Law Review mission implicitly supports academic free expression and legal scholarship without censorship. Modest positive modifier for institutional commitment to publishing diverse legal analysis.
Editorial Code —
No explicit editorial code of conduct or conflict-of-interest policy visible in provided content.
Ownership —
Harvard Law Review publicly known as Harvard Law School publication; institutional affiliation establishes editorial independence in academic context.
Access & Distribution
Access Model -0.10
Article 19 Article 26
Print-edition URL suggests paywall or subscription model for full access. Academic publishing paywalls restrict access to legal knowledge that affects public rights. Modest negative modifier.
Ad/Tracking -0.05
Article 12
Google Tag Manager implementation (GTM-M369FSP) indicates user tracking. No opt-out visible in provided content. Minimal impact on privacy rights assessment.
Accessibility —
Screen reader text CSS present; responsive design indicated by WordPress block system. Full accessibility audit not possible from provided markup.
+0.20
Article 19 Freedom of Expression
High Advocacy Practice
Structural
+0.20
Context Modifier
0.00
SETL
+0.39

Harvard Law Review platform provides structural support for publication and dissemination of legal scholarship. Institutional website architecture enables access, search, and citation of articles. Google Scholar integration facilitates information discovery.

+0.20
Article 28 Social & International Order
Medium Framing Practice
Structural
+0.20
Context Modifier
0.00
SETL
+0.28

Harvard Law Review operates within established legal and academic institutions that support rule of law. Institutional affiliation with law school provides structural commitment to legal education and rule-based analysis.

+0.10
Article 18 Freedom of Thought
Low Framing Practice
Structural
+0.10
Context Modifier
0.00
SETL
+0.24

Academic publication platform provides forum for expression of legal theories without evident editorial censorship. Institutional affiliation with Harvard Law School provides structural independence for scholarly expression.

+0.10
Article 20 Assembly & Association
Low Framing Practice
Structural
+0.10
Context Modifier
0.00
SETL
+0.14

Academic institution (Harvard Law School) provides structural forum for association of scholars and students engaged in legal education and research.

+0.10
Article 27 Cultural Participation
Low Framing Practice
Structural
+0.10
Context Modifier
0.00
SETL
+0.14

Harvard Law Review provides platform for dissemination of legal culture and scholarship. Institutional support for academic publishing contributes to cultural participation.

-0.10
Article 13 Freedom of Movement
Medium Framing Practice
Structural
-0.10
Context Modifier
0.00
SETL
+0.35

Print edition access model may restrict geographic access to full article content. Paywall structure could limit transnational access to legal scholarship.

-0.10
Article 17 Property
Medium Framing Practice
Structural
-0.10
Context Modifier
0.00
SETL
+0.24

Subscription model restricts access to intellectual property (article content) behind paywall. Creates asymmetry between those who can pay and those who cannot access legal knowledge.

-0.10
Article 26 Education
Medium Framing Practice
Structural
-0.10
Context Modifier
-0.10
SETL
+0.35

Paywall access model restricts access to legal education materials. Academic article behind subscription barrier limits educational access to those who can afford payment.

-0.15
Article 12 Privacy
Medium Framing Practice
Structural
-0.15
Context Modifier
-0.05
SETL
+0.26

Site implements Google Tag Manager tracking without visible opt-out mechanism. Structural implementation enables data collection on reader behavior without explicit consent governance, creating asymmetry in privacy control.

ND
Preamble Preamble
Low Framing

ND

ND
Article 1 Freedom, Equality, Brotherhood
Low Framing

ND

ND
Article 2 Non-Discrimination
Low Framing

ND

ND
Article 3 Life, Liberty, Security
Low Framing

ND

ND
Article 4 No Slavery

ND

ND
Article 5 No Torture

ND

ND
Article 6 Legal Personhood

ND

ND
Article 7 Equality Before Law
Low Framing

ND

ND
Article 8 Right to Remedy
Low Framing

ND

ND
Article 9 No Arbitrary Detention

ND

ND
Article 10 Fair Hearing
Low Framing

ND

ND
Article 11 Presumption of Innocence

ND

ND
Article 14 Asylum

ND

ND
Article 15 Nationality

ND

ND
Article 16 Marriage & Family

ND

ND
Article 21 Political Participation

ND

ND
Article 22 Social Security
Low Framing

ND

ND
Article 23 Work & Equal Pay
Low Framing

ND

ND
Article 24 Rest & Leisure
Low Framing

ND

ND
Article 25 Standard of Living
Low Framing

ND

ND
Article 29 Duties to Community
Low Framing

ND

ND
Article 30 No Destruction of Rights
Low Framing

ND
Supplementary Signals
How this content communicates, beyond directional lean. Learn more
Epistemic Quality ℹ
How well-sourced and evidence-based is this content?
0.72 medium claims
Sources
0.8
Evidence
0.7
Uncertainty
0.6
Purpose
0.8
Propaganda Flags ℹ
No manipulative rhetoric detected
0 techniques detected
Emotional Tone ℹ
Emotional character: positive/negative, intensity, authority
measured
Valence
+0.1
Arousal
0.2
Dominance
0.6
Transparency ℹ
Does the content identify its author and disclose interests?
0.50
✓ Author
More signals: context, framing & audience
Solution Orientation ℹ
Does this content offer solutions or only describe problems?
0.52 mixed
Reader Agency
0.4
Stakeholder Voice ℹ
Whose perspectives are represented in this content?
0.45 2 perspectives
Speaks: institutionindividuals
About: governmentinstitution
Temporal Framing ℹ
Is this content looking backward, at the present, or forward?
prospective long term
Geographic Scope ℹ
What geographic area does this content cover?
global
United States
Complexity ℹ
How accessible is this content to a general audience?
expert high jargon expert
Longitudinal 281 HN snapshots · 80 evals
+1 0 −1 HN
Audit Trail 100 entries
2026-03-16 02:23 eval_success PSQ evaluated: g-PSQ=0.280 (3 dims) - -
2026-03-16 02:23 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-16 02:22 eval_success Lite evaluated: Neutral (-0.09) - -
2026-03-16 02:22 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.09 (Neutral) -0.01
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-16 02:22 rater_validation_warn Lite validation warnings for model llama-4-scout-wai: 1W 0R - -
2026-03-15 23:58 eval_success Evaluated: Mild positive (0.16) - -
2026-03-15 23:58 eval Evaluated by claude-haiku-4-5-20251001: +0.16 (Mild positive) 20,062 tokens
2026-03-15 23:58 rater_validation_warn Validation warnings for model claude-haiku-4-5-20251001: 9W 9R - -
2026-03-14 17:39 eval_success PSQ evaluated: g-PSQ=0.280 (3 dims) - -
2026-03-14 17:39 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-14 17:27 eval_success Lite evaluated: Neutral (-0.08) - -
2026-03-14 17:27 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-14 17:27 rater_validation_warn Lite validation warnings for model llama-4-scout-wai: 1W 0R - -
2026-03-13 20:38 eval_success Lite evaluated: Neutral (-0.08) - -
2026-03-13 20:38 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-13 20:38 rater_validation_warn Lite validation warnings for model llama-4-scout-wai: 1W 0R - -
2026-03-13 19:37 eval_success PSQ evaluated: g-PSQ=0.280 (3 dims) - -
2026-03-13 19:37 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-13 19:11 eval_success Lite evaluated: Neutral (-0.08) - -
2026-03-13 19:11 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-13 19:11 rater_validation_warn Lite validation warnings for model llama-4-scout-wai: 1W 0R - -
2026-03-13 18:18 eval_success PSQ evaluated: g-PSQ=0.280 (3 dims) - -
2026-03-13 18:18 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-13 17:58 eval_success Lite evaluated: Neutral (-0.08) - -
2026-03-13 17:58 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-13 17:58 rater_validation_warn Lite validation warnings for model llama-4-scout-wai: 1W 0R - -
2026-03-13 16:44 eval_success PSQ evaluated: g-PSQ=0.280 (3 dims) - -
2026-03-13 16:44 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-13 16:26 eval_success Lite evaluated: Neutral (-0.08) - -
2026-03-13 16:26 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-13 16:26 rater_validation_warn Lite validation warnings for model llama-4-scout-wai: 1W 0R - -
2026-03-12 23:04 eval_success PSQ evaluated: g-PSQ=0.280 (3 dims) - -
2026-03-12 23:04 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 22:49 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 20:42 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 20:38 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 20:20 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 18:23 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 18:18 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 16:57 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 16:51 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 15:48 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 15:30 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 14:18 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 14:06 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 13:38 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 13:23 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 12:56 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 12:45 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 12:20 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 12:10 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 11:53 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 11:45 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 11:32 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 11:24 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 11:07 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 10:52 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 10:10 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 09:33 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 09:09 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 08:55 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 08:34 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 08:20 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 07:59 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 07:42 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 07:24 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 07:07 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 06:51 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 06:32 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 06:15 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 05:56 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 05:40 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 05:19 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 05:04 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 04:43 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 04:27 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 04:06 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 03:52 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 03:30 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 03:17 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 02:55 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 02:42 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 02:17 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 02:05 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 01:37 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 01:33 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 01:17 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 01:14 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 00:50 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-12 00:48 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) 0.00
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-12 00:13 eval Evaluated by llama-3.3-70b-wai-psq: +0.25 (Mild positive)
2026-03-12 00:09 eval Evaluated by llama-3.3-70b-wai: -0.14 (Mild negative)
reasoning
Legal article on torts
2026-03-11 23:50 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-11 23:47 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) +0.06
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-11 23:13 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-11 23:13 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.14 (Mild negative) -0.06
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-11 22:37 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive) 0.00
2026-03-11 22:36 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.08 (Neutral) +0.06
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion
2026-03-11 21:40 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai-psq: +0.28 (Mild positive)
2026-03-11 21:39 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: -0.14 (Mild negative)
reasoning
Academic article on tort law, no explicit human rights discussion