Model Comparison
Model Editorial Structural Class Conf SETL Theme
claude-haiku-4-5-20251001 0.00 ND Neutral 0.13 Information Access & Paywall
@cf/meta/llama-3.3-70b-instruct-fp8-fast lite 0.00 ND Neutral 0.80 0.00 Tech news
@cf/meta/llama-4-scout-17b-16e-instruct lite 0.00 ND Neutral 0.80 0.00 Tech Industry
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0.00 OpenAI says it has evidence DeepSeek used its model to train competitor (www.ft.comS:ND)
747 points by timsuchanek 395 days ago | 1541 comments on HN | Neutral Landing Page · v3.7 · 2026-02-28 13:19:34
Summary Information Access & Paywall Neglects
This page displays the subscription paywall interface for a Financial Times article on OpenAI and DeepSeek, with no editorial content accessible. The observable structural signal is a subscription-based access model that restricts information availability to paying subscribers, which conflicts with UDHR Articles 19 (freedom to receive information), 25 (adequate standard of living), and 27 (cultural and scientific participation). While FT maintains strong editorial standards and journalistic mission, the paywall structure prioritizes commercial interests over universal information access.
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FW Ratio 59% 16 facts · 11 inferences
Evidence 10% coverage
1H 4M 3L 31 ND
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Foundation Security Legal Privacy & Movement Personal Expression Economic & Social Cultural Order & Duties Foundation: 0.00 (0 articles) Security: 0.00 (0 articles) Legal: 0.00 (0 articles) Privacy & Movement: 0.00 (0 articles) Personal: 0.00 (0 articles) Expression: 0.00 (0 articles) Economic & Social: 0.00 (0 articles) Cultural: 0.00 (0 articles) Order & Duties: 0.00 (0 articles)
HN Discussion 20 top-level · 30 replies
udev 2025-01-29 04:25 UTC link
1970-01-01 2025-01-29 15:11 UTC link
DeepSeek have more integrity than 'Open'AI by not even pretending to care about that.
sho_hn 2025-01-29 15:15 UTC link
While I'm as amused as everyone else - I think it's technically accurate to point out that the "we trained it for $6 mio" narrative is contingent on the done investment by others.
Ciantic 2025-01-29 15:26 UTC link
I'm not being sarcastic, but we may soon have to torrent DeepSeek's model. OpenAI has a lot of clout in the US and could get DeepSeek banned in western countries for copyright.
readyplayernull 2025-01-29 15:27 UTC link
Do you remember when Microsoft was caught scrapping data from Google:

https://www.wired.com/2011/02/bing-copies-google/

They don't care, T&C and copyright is void unless it affects them, others can go kick rocks. Not surprising they and OpenAI will do a legal battle over this.

bilekas 2025-01-29 15:29 UTC link
> “It’s also extremely hard to rally a big talented research team to charge a new hill in the fog together,” he added. “This is the key to driving progress forward.”

Well I think DeepSeek releasing it open source and on an MIT license will rally the big talent. The open sourcing of a new technology has always driven progress in the past.

The last paragraph too is where OpenAi seems to be focusing their efforts..

> we engage in countermeasures to protect our IP, including a careful process for which frontier capabilities to include in released models ..

> ... we are working closely with the US government to best protect the most capable models from efforts by adversaries and competitors to take US technology.

So they'll go for getting DeepSeek banned like TikTok was now that a precedent has been set ?

mhitza 2025-01-29 15:32 UTC link
This is funny because its.

1. Something I'd expect to happen.

2. Lived through a similar scenario in 2010 or so.

Early in my professional career I've worked for a media company that was scraping other sites (think Craigslist but for our local market) to republish the content on our competing website. I wasn't working on that specific project, but I did work on an integration on my teams project where the scraping team could post jobs on our platform directly. When others started scraping "our content" there were a couple of urgent all hands on deck meetings scheduled, with a high level of disbelief.

ok123456 2025-01-29 15:32 UTC link
OpenAI's models were trained on ebooks from a private ebook torrent tracker leeched en-mass during a free leech event by people who hated private torrent trackers and wanted to destroy their "economy."

The books were all in epub format, converted, cleaned to plain text, and hosted on a public data hoarder site.

thorum 2025-01-29 15:39 UTC link
> “It is (relatively) easy to copy something that you know works,” Altman tweeted. “It is extremely hard to do something new, risky, and difficult when you don’t know if it will work.”

The humor/hypocrisy of the situation aside, it does seem to be true that OpenAI is consistently the one coming up with new ideas first (GPT 4, o1, 4o-style multimodality, voice chat, DALL-E, …) and then other companies reproduce their work, and get more credit because they actually publish the research.

Unfortunately for them it’s challenging to profit in the long term from being first in this space and the time it takes for each new idea to be reproduced is getting shorter.

me551ah 2025-01-29 15:47 UTC link
OpenAI is going after a company that open sourced their model, by distilling from their non-open AI?

OpenAI talks a lot about the principles of being Open, while still keeping their models closed and not fostering the open source community or sharing their research. Now when a company distills their models using perfectly allowed methods on the public internet, OpenAI wants to shut them down too?

High time OpenAI changes their name to ClosedAI

daft_pink 2025-01-29 15:53 UTC link
This reminds me of the railroads, where once railroads were invented, there was a huge investment boom of eveyrone trying to make money of the railroads, but the competition brought the costs down where the railroads weren’t the people who generally made the money and got the benefit, but the consumers and regular businesses did and competition caused many to fail.

AI is probably similar where the Moore’s law and advancement will eventually allow people to run open models locally and bring down the cost of operation. Competiition will make it hard for all but one or two players to survive and Nvidia, OpenAI, Deepseek, etc most investments in AI by these large companies will fail to generate substantial wealth but maybe earn some sort of return or maybe not.

glenstein 2025-01-29 16:13 UTC link
All the top level comments are basking in the irony of it, which is fair enough. But I think this changes the Deepseek narrative a bit. If they just benefited from repurposing OpenAI data, that's different than having achieved an engineering breakthrough, which may suggest OpenAI's results were hard earned after all.
concerndc1tizen 2025-01-29 16:51 UTC link
Is OpenAI claiming copyright ownership over the generated synthetic data?

That would be a dangerous precedent to establish.

If it's a terms of service violation, I guess they're within their rights to terminate service, but what other recourse do they have?

Other than that, perhaps this is just rhetoric aimed at introducing restrictions in the US, to prevent access to foreign AI, to establish a national monopoly?

wanderingmoose 2025-01-29 16:57 UTC link
There is a lot of discussion here about IP theft. Honest question, from deepseek's point of view as a company under a different set of laws than US/Western -- was there IP theft?

A company like OpenAI can put whatever licensing they want in place. But that only matters if they can enforce it. The question is, can they enforce it against deepseek? Did deepseek do something illegal under the laws of their originating country?

I've had some limited exposure to media related licensing when releasing content in China and what is allowed is very different than what is permitted in the US.

The interesting part which points to innovation moving outside of the US is US companies are beholden to strict IP laws while many places in the world don't have such restrictions and will be able to utilize more data more easily.

Imnimo 2025-01-29 17:13 UTC link
I think there's two different things going on here:

"DeepSeek trained on our outputs and that's not fair because those outputs are ours, and you shouldn't take other peoples' data!" This is obviously extremely silly, because that's exactly how OpenAI got all of its training data in the first place - by scraping other peoples' data off the internet.

"DeepSeek trained on our outputs, and so their claims of replicating o1-level performance from scratch are not really true" This is at least plausibly a valid claim. The DeepSeek R1 paper shows that distillation is really powerful (e.g. they show Llama models get a huge boost by finetuning on R1 outputs), and if it were the case that DeepSeek were using a bunch of o1 outputs to train their model, that would legitimately cast doubt on the narrative of training efficiency. But that's a separate question from whether it's somehow unethical to use OpenAI's data the same way OpenAI uses everyone else's data.

blast 2025-01-29 18:01 UTC link
Everyone is responding to the intellectual property issue, but isn't that the less interesting point?

If Deepseek trained off OpenAI, then it wasn't trained from scratch for "pennies on the dollar" and isn't the Sputnik-like technical breakthrough that we've been hearing so much about. That's the news here. Or rather, the potential news, since we don't know if it's true yet.

dragonwriter 2025-01-29 18:47 UTC link
Hey, OpenAI, so, you know that legal theory that is the entire basis of your argument that any of your products are legal? "Training AI on proprietary data is a use that doesn't require permission from the owner of the data"?

You might want to consider how it applies to this situation.

divbzero 2025-01-29 20:08 UTC link
I was wondering if this might be the case, similar to how Bing’s initial training included Google’s search results [1]. I’d be curious to see more details of OpenAI’s evidence.

It is, of course, quite ironic for OpenAI to indiscriminately scrape the entire web and then complain about being scraped themselves.

[1]: https://searchengineland.com/google-bing-is-cheating-copying...

mrkpdl 2025-01-29 22:12 UTC link
The cat is out of the bag. This is the landscape now, r1 was made in a post-o1 world. Now other models can distill r1 and so on.

I don’t buy the argument that distilling from o1 undermines deep seek’s claims around expense at all. Just as open AI used the tools ‘available to them’ to train their models (eg everyone else’ data), r1 is using today’s tools.

Does open AI really have a moral or ethical high ground here?

olalonde 2025-01-30 02:40 UTC link
If it's true, how is it problematic? It seems aligned with their mission:

> We will attempt to directly build safe and beneficial AGI, but will also consider our mission fulfilled if our work aids others to achieve this outcome.

> We will actively cooperate with other research and policy institutions; we seek to create a global community working together to address AGI’s global challenges.

https://openai.com/charter/

/s, we all know what their true mission is...

bbqfog 2025-01-29 15:18 UTC link
OpenAI's models were also trained on billions of dollars of "free" labor that produced the content that it was trained on.
Palmik 2025-01-29 15:41 UTC link
When I use NVIDIA GPUs to train a model, I do not consider the R&D cost to develop all of those GPUs as part of my costs.

When I use an API to generate some data, I do not consider the R&D cost to develop the API as part of my costs.

alchemist1e9 2025-01-29 15:47 UTC link
I think most likely all sorts of data and models need to have a decentralized LLM data archive via torrents etc.

It’s not limited to the models themselves but also OpenAI will probably work towards shutting down access to training data sets also.

imho it’s probably an emergency all hand on deck problem.

kobalsky 2025-01-29 15:51 UTC link
OpenAI has been in a war-room for days searching for a match in the data, and they just came out with this without providing proof.

My cynical opinion is that the traning corpus has some small amount of data generated by OpenAI, which is probably impossible to avoid at this point, and they are hanging on that thread for dear life.

turtlesdown11 2025-01-29 15:54 UTC link
> other companies reproduce their work, and get more credit because they actually publish the research.

I don't understand, you mean OpenAI isn't releasing open models and openly publishing their research?

mjburgess 2025-01-29 16:24 UTC link
For the curious, it was vertical integration in the railroad-oil/-coal industry which is where the money was made.

The problem for AI is the hardware is commodified and offers no natural monopoly, so there isn't really anything obvious to vertically integrate-towards-monopoly.

floatrock 2025-01-29 16:26 UTC link
The railroads drama ended when JP Morgan (the person, not yet the entity) brought all the railroad bosses together, said "you all answer to me because I represent your investors / shareholders", and forced a wave of consolidation and syndicates because competition was bad for business.

Then all the farmers in the midwest went broke not because they couldn't get their goods to market, but because JP Morgan's consolidated syndicates ate all their margin hauling their goods to market.

Consolidation and monopoly over your competition is always the end goal.

timeon 2025-01-29 16:52 UTC link
> US and could get DeepSeek banned in western countries for copyright

If US is going to proceed with trade war on EU, as it was planning anyway, then DeepSeek will be banned only in US. Seems like term "western countries" is slowly eroding.

kigiri 2025-01-29 16:54 UTC link
Nice one, thank you for sharing !
thiago_fm 2025-01-29 17:09 UTC link
The most interesting part is that China has been ahead of the US in AI for many years, just not in LLMs.

You need to visit mainland China and see how AI applications are everywhere, from transport to goods shipping.

I'm not surprised at all. I hope this in the end makes the US kill its strict IP laws, which is the problem.

If the US doesn't, China will always have a huge edge on it, no matter how much NVidia hardware the US has.

And you know what, Huawei is already making inference hardware... it won't take them long to finally copy the TSMC tech and flip the situation upside down.

When China can make the equivalent of H100s, it will be hilarious because they will sell for $10 in Aliexpress :-)

spyckie2 2025-01-29 17:22 UTC link
Classic.
tasuki 2025-01-29 17:46 UTC link
I understand they just used the API to talk to the OpenAI models. That... seems pretty innocent? Probably they even paid for it? OpenAI is selling API access, someone decided to buy it. Good for OpenAI!

I understand ToS violations can lead to a ban. OpenAI is free to ban DeepSeek from using their APIs.

the_duke 2025-01-29 17:50 UTC link
These aren't mutually exclusive.

It's been known for a while that competitors used OpenAI to improve their models, that's why they changed the TOS to forbid it.

That doesn't mean the deep seek technical achievements are less valid.

jampekka 2025-01-29 17:51 UTC link
And seem to be more actively fulfilling the mission that 'Open'AI pretends to strive for.
jondwillis 2025-01-29 18:10 UTC link
But it does mean moat is even less defensible for companies whose fortunes are tied to their foundation models having some performance edge, and a shift in the kinds of hardware used for inference (smaller, closer to the edge.)
tensor 2025-01-29 18:12 UTC link
That's not correct. First of all, training off of data generated by another AI is generally a bad idea because you'll end up with a strictly less accurate model (usually). But secondly, and more to your point, even if you were to use training data from another model, YOU STILL NEED TO DO ALL THE TRAINING.

Using data from another model won't save you any training time.

UncleOxidant 2025-01-29 18:36 UTC link
> where the Moore’s law and advancement will eventually allow people to run open models locally

Probably won't be Moore's law (which is kind of slowing down) so much as architectural improvements (both on the compute side and the model side - you could say that R1 represents an architectural improvement of efficiency on the model side).

bangaladore 2025-01-29 18:42 UTC link
> So they'll go for getting DeepSeek banned like TikTok was now that a precedent has been set ?

Can't really ban what can be downloaded for free and hosted by anyone. There are many providers hosting the ~700B parameter version that aren't CCP aligned.

epolanski 2025-01-29 18:42 UTC link
I really don't see a correlation here to be honest.

Eventually all future AIs will be produced with synthetic input, the amount of (quality) data we humans can produce is quite limited.

The fact that the input of one AI has been used in the training of another one seems irrelevant.

rgbrgb 2025-01-29 18:43 UTC link
I think that's a very possible outcome. A lot of people investing in AI are thinking there's a google moment coming where one monopoly will reign supreme. Google has strong network effects around user data AND economies of scale. Right now, AI is 1-player with much weaker network effects. The user data moat goes away once the model trains itself effectively and the economies of scale advantage goes away with smart small models that can be efficiently hosted by mortals/hobbyists. The DeepSeek result points to both of those happening in the near future. Interesting times.
weego 2025-01-29 18:45 UTC link
Boy who stole test papers complains about child copying his answers.
joe_the_user 2025-01-29 18:45 UTC link
The humor/hypocrisy of the situation aside, it does seem to be true that OpenAI is consistently the one coming up with new ideas first (GPT 4, o1, 4o-style multimodality, voice chat, DALL-E, …) and then other companies reproduce their work, and get more credit because they actually publish the research

I claim one just can't put the humor/hypocrisy aside that easily.

What OpenAI did with the release of ChatGPT is productize research that was open and ongoing with Deepmind and other leading at least as much. And everything after that was an extension of the basic approach - improved, expanded but ultimately the same sort of beast. One might even say the situation of OpenAI to DeepMind was like Apple to Xerox. Productizing is nothing to sneeze at - it requires creativity and work to productize basic research. But naturally get end-users who consider the productizers the "fountain heads", who overestimate the productizers because products are all they see.

bangaladore 2025-01-29 18:46 UTC link
That's only true if you assume that O1 synthetic data sets are much better than any other (comparably sized) opensource model.

It's not apparently obvious to me that that is the case.

Ie. do you need a SOTA model to produce a new SOTA model?

buyucu 2025-01-29 18:55 UTC link
I'm willing to bet ''ban DeepSeek'' voices will start soon. Why compete, when you can just ban?
riantogo 2025-01-29 19:00 UTC link
Why would it cast any doubt? If you can use o1 output to build a better R1. Then use R1 output to build a better X1... then a better X2.. XN, that just shows a method to create better systems for a fraction of the cost from where we stand. If it was that obvious OpenAI should have themselves done. But the disruptors did it. It hindsight it might sound obvious, but that is true for all innovations. It is all good stuff.
Hatchback7599 2025-01-29 19:07 UTC link
Reminds me of the Bill Gates quote when Steve Jobs accused him of stealing the ideas of Windows from Mac:

Well, Steve... I think it’s more like we both had this rich neighbor named Xerox and I broke into his house to steal the TV set and found out that you had already stolen it.

Xerox could be seen as Google, whose researchers produced the landmark Attention Is All You Need paper, and the general public, who provided all of the training data to make these models possible.

tempeler 2025-01-29 19:12 UTC link
On another subject, if it belongs to OpenAI because it uses OpenAI, then doesn't that mean that everything produced using OpenAI belongs to OpenAI? Isn't that a reason not to use OpenAI? It's very similar to saying that you used Google and searched; now this product belongs to Google. They couldn't figure out how to respond; they went crazy.
alecco 2025-01-29 19:20 UTC link
Even if all that about training is true, the bigger cost is inference and Deepseek is 100x cheaper. That destroys OpenAI/Anthropic's value proposition of having a unique secret sauce so users are quickly fleeing to cheaper alternatives.

Google Deepmind's recent Gemini 2.0 Flash Thinking is also priced at the new Deepseek level. It's pretty good (unlike previous Gemini models).

[0] https://x.com/deedydas/status/1883355957838897409

[1] https://x.com/raveeshbhalla/status/1883380722645512275

valine 2025-01-29 19:31 UTC link
The existence of R1-zero is evidence against any sort of theft of OpenAI's internal COT data. The model sometimes outputs illegible text that's useful only to R1. You can't do distillation without a shared vocabulary. The only way R1 could exist is if they trained it with RL.
JTyQZSnP3cQGa8B 2025-01-29 19:41 UTC link
> OpenAI's results were hard earned after all

DDOSing web sites and grabbing content without anyone's consent is not hard earned at all. They did spent billions on their thing, but nothing was earned as they could never do that legally.

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Supplementary Signals
How this content communicates, beyond directional lean. Learn more
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How well-sourced and evidence-based is this content?
0.60 low claims
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urgent
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✗ Author ✓ Conflicts ✓ Funding
More signals: context, framing & audience
Solution Orientation
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0.73 solution oriented
Reader Agency
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Stakeholder Voice
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0.35 2 perspectives
Speaks: corporation
About: individuals
Temporal Framing
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present immediate
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global
World, Middle East, UK, US, China, Africa, Asia Pacific, Europe, Iran, Americas, MENA
Complexity
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accessible low jargon none
Audit Trail 7 entries
2026-02-28 13:19 eval Evaluated by claude-haiku-4-5-20251001: 0.00 (Neutral)
2026-02-28 10:59 eval_success Lite evaluated: Neutral (0.00) - -
2026-02-28 10:59 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: 0.00 (Neutral)
2026-02-28 10:59 rater_validation_warn Lite validation warnings for model llama-4-scout-wai: 0W 1R - -
2026-02-28 10:50 eval_success Lite evaluated: Neutral (0.00) - -
2026-02-28 10:50 eval Evaluated by llama-3.3-70b-wai: 0.00 (Neutral)
2026-02-28 10:50 rater_validation_warn Lite validation warnings for model llama-3.3-70b-wai: 0W 1R - -