Can't Hide Your Stride is an empirical research study demonstrating privacy and surveillance vulnerabilities in unencrypted automotive TPMS transmissions. The paper champions human rights protections—especially privacy (Article 12) and freedom of movement (Article 13)—by exposing how static, unencrypted identifiers enable systematic vehicle tracking at minimal cost ($100/receiver) and explicitly advocates for policymakers and manufacturers to implement privacy-preserving designs. Published in an open institutional repository, the work embodies freedom of expression (Article 19) and supports remedy through policy reform (Article 8).
CORE ARTICLE. Entire paper focuses on privacy violations in TPMS communications. Advocates for privacy-preserving design. Frames unencrypted, static identifiers as systematic violation of Article 12. Provides detailed analysis of privacy threat mechanisms.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
Abstract states TPMS transmissions are 'sent over the air in clear text' with 'unique identifier that does not change over very long periods of time.'
Paper investigates 'privacy implications for car owners' and demonstrates how transmissions 'can be used to systematically infer potentially sensitive information.'
Footer explicitly states 'Valoramos su privacidad: ¡este sitio no utiliza cookies!' (We value your privacy: this site does not use cookies!).
Inferences
Paper frames TPMS as systematic violation of communications privacy, directly advocating for Article 12 protection.
Repository's privacy-first footer reinforces institutional commitment to privacy rights.
Publishing privacy research openly enables informed protection of this fundamental right.
+0.85
Article 13Freedom of Movement
High Advocacy Framing Coverage Practice
Editorial
+0.85
SETL
+0.29
Paper demonstrates how TPMS tracking reveals driving patterns, directly surveilling freedom of movement. Advocates for privacy-preserving TPMS. Frames surveillance as chilling effect on free movement.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
Abstract explicitly mentions inferring 'driving pattern of the driver' as surveillance capability.
Paper title directly references 'movement patterns' as core threat being analyzed: 'Can't Hide Your Stride.'
Inferences
Systematic inference of driving patterns frames surveillance as chilling effect on freedom of movement.
Publishing this research directly supports Article 13 by exposing tracking infrastructure.
+0.80
Article 19Freedom of Expression
High Coverage Framing
Editorial
+0.80
SETL
+0.28
Paper is published research, exemplifying academic freedom and freedom of expression. Authors fully attributed. Repository publication directly supports freedom of scientific inquiry and dissemination.
Repository provides open, unrestricted access to research publication.
Inferences
Publication of security-critical research on TPMS demonstrates freedom of expression in practice.
Open institutional repository directly implements Article 19 by making research freely available.
+0.75
Article 3Life, Liberty, Security
High Advocacy Framing Coverage Practice
Editorial
+0.75
SETL
+0.34
Content directly advocates for protection of 'security of person' by exposing TPMS surveillance vulnerabilities. Frames unencrypted transmissions as security threat enabling systematic tracking of car owners.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
Abstract states 'we investigate the privacy implications for car owners' and demonstrates TPMS transmissions 'can be used to systematically infer potentially sensitive information.'
Cost claim ('as low as $100 per receiver') demonstrates widespread threat to security of thousands of car owners.
Inferences
Quantifying feasibility and scale of threat demonstrates advocacy for security-enhancing policy intervention.
Publishing in open access format directly supports right to security by ensuring knowledge reaches policymakers and public.
+0.70
Article 8Right to Remedy
High Advocacy Framing Coverage
Editorial
+0.70
SETL
+0.37
Content explicitly advocates for remedy through policy change. Frames TPMS vulnerabilities as requiring action from duty-bearers. Provides empirical evidence for effective remedy.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
Abstract explicitly 'urges policymakers and car manufacturers' to act, positioning research as evidence for remedy.
10-week measurement study with 12 verified cars provides quantifiable data for policy advocacy.
Inferences
Publication of empirical findings frames this as advocacy for policy remedy.
Open access ensures duty-bearers can access evidence.
+0.60
PreamblePreamble
High Framing Advocacy Coverage
Editorial
+0.60
SETL
+0.24
Abstract frames privacy protection and security as foundational values requiring enforcement. Implicitly advocates for 'more secure and privacy-preserving' design. Aligns with preamble ideals of dignity and justice.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
The abstract urges 'policymakers and car manufacturers to design a more secure and privacy-preserving TPMS for future cars,' positioning privacy as foundational policy value.
Footer displays EU funding: 'Fondo Social Europeo', 'Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional'—indicating public commitment to collective welfare.
Inferences
Privacy and security are framed as foundational values requiring protection, consistent with preamble language on dignity and justice.
Publication choice reflects institutional commitment to transparency as a means of protecting rights.
+0.60
Article 28Social & International Order
Medium Advocacy Framing Coverage
Editorial
+0.60
SETL
+0.24
Paper advocates for social order respecting rights ('policymakers and car manufacturers to design more secure...TPMS'). Frames security and privacy as foundational to just social order.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
Abstract calls for systemic change to 'design a more secure and privacy-preserving TPMS' as policy imperative.
Inferences
Advocacy for policy change frames rights-respecting social order as necessary response to surveillance threats.
+0.55
Article 30No Destruction of Rights
Medium Advocacy Framing Coverage
Editorial
+0.55
SETL
+0.23
Paper opposes TPMS system design that effectively destroys privacy and movement rights. Advocates system redesign to prevent rights destruction.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
Paper demonstrates systematic destruction of privacy and movement rights through current TPMS design.
Inferences
Advocacy for privacy-preserving redesign is framed as prevention of rights destruction.
+0.50
Article 1Freedom, Equality, Brotherhood
Medium Framing Coverage
Editorial
+0.50
SETL
+0.22
Surveillance threatens dignity through loss of autonomy over personal information. Paper implicitly defends dignity as foundational by exposing violations.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
The paper infers 'potentially sensitive information such as the presence, type, weight, or driving pattern of the driver' from passive transmissions, demonstrating surveillance of personal autonomy.
Inferences
Exposure of driving-pattern inference frames surveillance as threat to personal dignity and autonomy.
+0.50
Article 9No Arbitrary Detention
Medium Framing Coverage
Editorial
+0.50
SETL
+0.27
TPMS surveillance enables systematic tracking without warrants or due process. Paper frames this as arbitrary interference with freedom.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
Paper identifies systematic tracking ability without vehicle owner consent, knowledge, or due process.
Inferences
Systematic tracking without consent is framed as arbitrary interference with liberty.
+0.50
Article 26Education
Medium Coverage Framing
Editorial
+0.50
SETL
+0.16
Research paper represents educational contribution to knowledge. Open publication supports right to education and access to information. Technical content enables informed public participation.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
Paper published in open institutional repository with bilingual interface (English/español).
Research provides technical knowledge necessary for informed policy advocacy.
Inferences
Open access publication supports right to education and information access.
Bilingual repository design supports broader participation in knowledge.
+0.50
Article 29Duties to Community
Medium Advocacy Framing
Editorial
+0.50
SETL
+0.22
Paper frames manufacturers and policymakers as having duties to protect others' rights. Advocates responsibility-based approach to technology design.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
Abstract 'urges policymakers and car manufacturers' to act, framing them as responsible parties.
Inferences
Call for manufacturer responsibility frames technology design as duty-bearer obligation.
+0.45
Article 7Equality Before Law
Medium Framing Coverage
Editorial
+0.45
SETL
+0.21
Surveillance creates unequal power: car owners unaware they transmit identifiers while malicious actors track them systematically. Frames as violation of equal protection.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
Paper demonstrates 'malicious actors could easily scale their efforts to track several thousands of cars' while drivers remain unaware of identifier transmission.
Inferences
Power asymmetry (trackers unidentified, tracked drivers unaware) frames surveillance as equality violation.
+0.40
Article 6Legal Personhood
Medium Advocacy Framing
Editorial
+0.40
SETL
+0.24
Paper calls for legal protections through policy reform ('urges policymakers and car manufacturers to design more secure...TPMS'). Advocates rule-of-law response to identified threat.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
Abstract concludes by urging 'policymakers and car manufacturers to design a more secure and privacy-preserving TPMS for future cars.'
Inferences
Call to policymakers frames legal/regulatory reform as necessary remedy for documented threat.
+0.40
Article 11Presumption of Innocence
Medium Framing Coverage
Editorial
+0.40
SETL
+0.20
Surveillance enables presumption of guilt; drivers are profiled and tracked without legal process or evidence of wrongdoing, inverting presumption of innocence.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
Paper demonstrates systematic ability to infer behavior patterns and presence, enabling profiling without legal process.
Inferences
Systematic tracking and profiling presume drivers guilty without evidence, inverting presumption of innocence.
+0.40
Article 21Political Participation
Medium Framing Coverage
Editorial
+0.40
SETL
+0.20
Surveillance can chill political participation; tracking of driving patterns enables identification of political assembly and voting behavior.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
Systematic tracking of driving patterns can identify participation in political assemblies and voting.
Inferences
TPMS tracking constitutes surveillance of political behavior.
+0.35
Article 17Property
Medium Framing Coverage
Editorial
+0.35
SETL
+0.19
TPMS surveillance threatens property security; inference of car type and weight enables targeting for theft and property crime.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
Paper infers 'car type, weight' from TPMS transmissions, enabling targeting based on vehicle value.
Inferences
Systematic inference of car characteristics enables property crime targeting, threatening property security.
+0.35
Article 20Assembly & Association
Medium Framing Coverage
Editorial
+0.35
SETL
+0.19
Surveillance can chill freedom of assembly; knowing movement is tracked discourages participation in assemblies.
FW Ratio: 50%
Observable Facts
Systematic tracking of vehicle movement patterns enables identification of assembly participation.
Inferences
Systematic tracking creates chilling effect on freedom of assembly.
0.00
Article 2Non-Discrimination
Low
Editorial
0.00
SETL
+0.10
Content does not address discrimination or equality concerns within surveillance context.
0.00
Article 4No Slavery
Low
Editorial
0.00
SETL
+0.10
No relevance to slavery or servitude.
0.00
Article 5No Torture
Low
Editorial
0.00
SETL
+0.10
No relevance to torture or cruel treatment.
0.00
Article 10Fair Hearing
Low
Editorial
0.00
SETL
+0.10
No relevance to fair and public hearing.
0.00
Article 14Asylum
Low
Editorial
0.00
SETL
+0.10
No relevance to asylum or refuge.
0.00
Article 15Nationality
Low
Editorial
0.00
SETL
+0.10
No relevance to nationality.
0.00
Article 16Marriage & Family
Low
Editorial
0.00
SETL
+0.10
No relevance to marriage and family.
0.00
Article 18Freedom of Thought
Low
Editorial
0.00
SETL
+0.10
No relevance to conscience and religion.
0.00
Article 22Social Security
Low
Editorial
0.00
SETL
+0.10
No relevance to social security.
0.00
Article 23Work & Equal Pay
Low
Editorial
0.00
SETL
+0.10
No relevance to work or employment.
0.00
Article 24Rest & Leisure
Low
Editorial
0.00
SETL
ND
No relevance to rest and leisure.
0.00
Article 25Standard of Living
Low
Editorial
0.00
SETL
+0.10
No direct relevance to standard of living or healthcare.
0.00
Article 27Cultural Participation
Low
Editorial
0.00
SETL
+0.10
No relevance to cultural participation.
Structural Channel
What the site does
+0.85
Article 12Privacy
High Advocacy Framing Coverage Practice
Structural
+0.85
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.31
Repository publication is direct structural support for privacy rights. Open access ensures privacy threats are documented and publicized. Footer explicitly affirms privacy protection: 'this site does not use cookies.'
+0.75
Article 13Freedom of Movement
High Advocacy Framing Coverage Practice
Structural
+0.75
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.29
Research publication supports freedom of movement by documenting and opposing tracking. Open access enables public awareness and advocacy.
+0.70
Article 19Freedom of Expression
High Coverage Framing
Structural
+0.70
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.28
Institutional repository is structural embodiment of academic freedom. Open access publication directly implements freedom of expression and information access.
+0.60
Article 3Life, Liberty, Security
High Advocacy Framing Coverage Practice
Structural
+0.60
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.34
Open publication supports collective security by democratizing knowledge of threats. Research-driven approach to enabling informed protection.
+0.50
PreamblePreamble
High Framing Advocacy Coverage
Structural
+0.50
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.24
Open institutional repository embodies commitment to transparency and collective dignity through knowledge dissemination. EU funding visible, supporting collective welfare.
+0.50
Article 8Right to Remedy
High Advocacy Framing Coverage
Structural
+0.50
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.37
Repository supports remedy by providing accessible empirical evidence to policymakers and public. Enables informed advocacy.
+0.50
Article 28Social & International Order
Medium Advocacy Framing Coverage
Structural
+0.50
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.24
Open publication supports rights-based social order through transparency and accountability.
+0.45
Article 26Education
Medium Coverage Framing
Structural
+0.45
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.16
Institutional repository provides open access to research and education. Bilingual support (English/español) enhances access.
+0.45
Article 30No Destruction of Rights
Medium Advocacy Framing Coverage
Structural
+0.45
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.23
Publication prevents rights destruction by exposing vulnerabilities before they become entrenched.
+0.40
Article 1Freedom, Equality, Brotherhood
Medium Framing Coverage
Structural
+0.40
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.22
Repository provides platform for dignity-protecting research. Structural role neutral-to-positive but not primary focus.
+0.40
Article 29Duties to Community
Medium Advocacy Framing
Structural
+0.40
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.22
Publication promotes accountability by documenting how design choices affect rights.
+0.35
Article 7Equality Before Law
Medium Framing Coverage
Structural
+0.35
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.21
Open repository helps restore equality by publicizing knowledge. Reduces information asymmetry between powerful and vulnerable.
+0.35
Article 9No Arbitrary Detention
Medium Framing Coverage
Structural
+0.35
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.27
Repository publication supports protection against arbitrary action by documenting threats and enabling transparency-based accountability.
+0.30
Article 11Presumption of Innocence
Medium Framing Coverage
Structural
+0.30
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.20
Repository publication exposes surveillance infrastructure, enabling understanding and resistance to chilling effects.
+0.30
Article 21Political Participation
Medium Framing Coverage
Structural
+0.30
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.20
Publication enables awareness of political surveillance threat.
+0.25
Article 6Legal Personhood
Medium Advocacy Framing
Structural
+0.25
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.24
Repository provides empirical evidence base for legal remedy. Supports informed policy formation.
+0.25
Article 17Property
Medium Framing Coverage
Structural
+0.25
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.19
Repository publication protects property rights by exposing vulnerabilities enabling targeted crime.
+0.25
Article 20Assembly & Association
Medium Framing Coverage
Structural
+0.25
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.19
Publication enables awareness of chilling effect, supporting resistance and awareness.
0.00
Article 24Rest & Leisure
Low
Structural
0.00
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
ND
No structural implications.
-0.10
Article 2Non-Discrimination
Low
Structural
-0.10
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.10
Repository provides equal open access, but no explicit anti-discrimination framing.
-0.10
Article 4No Slavery
Low
Structural
-0.10
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.10
No structural implications.
-0.10
Article 5No Torture
Low
Structural
-0.10
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.10
No structural implications.
-0.10
Article 10Fair Hearing
Low
Structural
-0.10
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.10
No structural implications.
-0.10
Article 14Asylum
Low
Structural
-0.10
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.10
No structural implications.
-0.10
Article 15Nationality
Low
Structural
-0.10
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.10
No structural implications.
-0.10
Article 16Marriage & Family
Low
Structural
-0.10
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.10
No structural implications.
-0.10
Article 18Freedom of Thought
Low
Structural
-0.10
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.10
No structural implications.
-0.10
Article 22Social Security
Low
Structural
-0.10
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.10
No structural implications.
-0.10
Article 23Work & Equal Pay
Low
Structural
-0.10
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.10
No structural implications.
-0.10
Article 25Standard of Living
Low
Structural
-0.10
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.10
Repository footer mentions accessibility, but not substantially relevant to Article 25.
-0.10
Article 27Cultural Participation
Low
Structural
-0.10
Context Modifier
ND
SETL
+0.10
No structural implications.
Supplementary Signals
Epistemic Quality
0.85low claims
Sources
0.8
Evidence
0.9
Uncertainty
0.8
Purpose
0.9
Propaganda Flags
0techniques detected
Solution Orientation
0.59mixed
Reader Agency
0.7
Emotional Tone
urgent
Valence
-0.2
Arousal
0.8
Dominance
0.3
Stakeholder Voice
0.484 perspectives
Speaks: institutionresearchers
About: individualsgovernmentcorporation
Temporal Framing
presentshort term
Geographic Scope
global
Europe, Spain
Complexity
technicalhigh jargondomain specific
Transparency
0.80
✓ Author✓ Funding
Audit Trail
1 entries
2026-02-28 08:39
eval
Evaluated by claude-haiku-4-5-20251001: +0.38 (Moderate positive)
build c34371e+6cv0 · deployed 2026-02-28 11:43 UTC · evaluated 2026-02-28 11:44:21 UTC
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